ap style bulleted lists capitalization

Unsubscribe at any time. Capitalize the second word in a hyphenated compound if both words are equal and not suffices or prefixes (e.g., Cost-Benefit), Capitalize the first non-Greek letter after a lowercase Greek letter (e.g., -Bromohexanoic), Lowercase the first non-Greek letter after a capital Greek letter (e.g., -9-tetrahydrocannabinol), Capitalize the genus but not the species epithet. . Find it. The Gregg Reference Manual uses periods only after bullets that are dependent clauses and long phrases. While the above words are generally capitalized in titles regardless of style, there are some words that are generally not capitalized when using title case. Possessive versus descriptive Q: A months confinement or a month's confinement? If you want to change your title from uppercase to title case, you can select the Title Case button above. You should always use a colon before a bulleted or numbered list. Sorry to pile on here, but your discussion of verb endings is inadequate. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Proven techniques for attention grabbing headlines & titles. Thank you for subscribing to our newsletter! Bulleted Lists: Capitalization and Punctuation By Judy Vorfeld Did you know that before the introduction of word processing (via word processors and computers), most publications displayed lists in either outline form or numbered lists. AP Stylebook Online builds on everything that's in the print Stylebook, and makes it a more comprehensive, convenient resource. Why wouldnt you want to add a list to your work? hb```"3VTa`0p4 )x3JH2HgQW(Iz8Nul i@fP!40XE&,0e0v`do`6c $X1)`U&y[#b s .6[ APA allows the use of bulleted lists with or without punctuation. A: Use "that" for a thing, "who" for the personal pronoun, although "that" also fits some human references. See The MLA Style Center for more information. endstream endobj 32 0 obj <>stream Our amended style is website (one word, lowercase w), along with other compounds: webcam, webcast, webmaster. How about Civil Rights Movement? I like oranges. The top tabs allow you to select which style of capitalization you want to use. AP's style is now to capitalize Black in a racial, ethnic or cultural sense, conveying an essential . Follow @APStylebook AP uses dashes to introduce individual sections of a list, like this: - Put a space between the dash or bullet and the first word of each item in the list. Semicolons Use in Lists: Items with Internal Punctuation Abbreviations, acronyms (24/7; NATO; laser; U.S.; No. Q: What is AP's style on the military's don't ask, don't tell policy? - Capitalize the first word following the dash or bullet. Good business writing seeks to make information easy to understand. Sixth and Seventh streets). This post deserves a standing ovation. This guidance has been expanded from the 6th edition. Only use it to avoid ambiguity, if part of the series contains a conjunction or if you have a complex series of phrases. driving, in which people text while in their vehicle (Schroeder & Sims, 2018). A: 2-5 p.m. is preferred. Infants will try to help others who seem like they need help with simple tasks, such as carrying multiple objects. It is the indispensable reference for writers, editors, proofreaders, indexers, copywriters, designers, and publishers, informing the editorial canon with sound, definitive advice. AP uses dashes, not bullets, for lists in news stories that follow a colon. Are we nitpicking punctuation with these considerations of bullet lists? A: AP uses the numeral for acres, even when less than 10, as a dimension: 5 acres. Online and technology (the web; the internet; URL; computers; e-commerce ). . This option is helpful for complex or longer bulleted sentences that may be more difficult to read without the aid . For lists of fragments, short phrases, or words, capitalization is optional: My favorite fruits include: oranges apples bananas dragon fruit My favorite fruits include: Oranges Apples Bananas Dragon fruit As with the other optional punctuation above, though, make sure to use a consistent capitalization style throughout your writing. You can also use this tool to do it automatically. This is ultimately a matter of stylistic preference. When a vertical list follows a full sentence, introduce it with a colon. Watch your title convert case and be automatically capitalized! The Associated Press Stylebook says when writing lists "use periods, not semicolons, at the end of each section, whether it is a full sentence or a phrase.". This is the fourth in a six-part series. There's an old joke: The Chicago Manual of Style has pages of rules and examples of bullet lists that agree with the Garner style recommendation to use semicolons after each item, use and after the next-to-last-item, and use a period at the end of the last item. We updated guidance on how to write about U.S. and international currency. All contents 2023 Associated Press All rights reserved. To help, weve prepared a guide to punctuating and capitalizing bullet points. 48 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<8DCDC806A06A984EB23F9AC6F5FBCE2C><8DCDC806A06A984EB23F9AC6F5FBCE2C>]/Index[28 32]/Info 27 0 R/Length 99/Prev 782230/Root 29 0 R/Size 60/Type/XRef/W[1 3 1]>>stream The following examples demonstrate both options as well as how to integrate in-text citations into bulleted lists. And, as a guideline, wed suggest punctuating bullet points as follows: However, this again comes down to preference and your chosen style guide. You can learn more in the Title Capitalization Rules by Style section. Zip Airline offers Use all sentences or all. Bullets normally preface unordered list items.7. Try it with these examples and see if the period makes more sense. Q: Is it staff has or staff have? Q: Why is "doctorate in psychology" not capped, but "Bachelor of Arts" is? Q: Is clarity essentially the only rule determining when a serial comma should be included? The first word after a colon unless it begins an independent clause. 7. Anation could be oppressed by its leaders, Judy Vorfeld Repellent and Repulsive both speak to driving others away, but REPULSIVE Three horizontal centrifugal pumps with design temperature of 100 degrees F. Three electric motors, in accordance with Appendices. In our latest quarterly roundup of AP Style reminders, we cover back-to-school terms, travel terminology, and more. AP has a few punctuation rules that differ from many common style guides: Do not use a comma before the last item in a simple series ("My favorite candy includes Snickers, Twix and Zagnut bars."). In APA 7, you have two options for punctuating bulleted phrases: to include no punctuation after each list item and after the last list item or to include commas or semicolons, as appropriate, after each list item and final punctuation at the end of the list. 0 My name is Erin. The capitalization rules are as follows: Wikipedia editors must follow certain capitalization rules for any posts to Wikipedia. Example: The software in this price range offers many excellent features: RULE: When one item contains acomplete sentence, punctuate all bulleted items as though they were complete sentences: capitalize the beginning words and use aperiod at the end of each item. persistent psychological distress (Glozier et al., 2010; Lund et al., 2010). After each dash, capitalize the first letter and use periods at the end of each section. Please enable JavaScript and visit again! To create a bulleted list, use the bulleted list function of your word-processing program. (Just like this bullet list youre reading now.). In business writing, capitalize the first letter of bullet lists. If nothing else, your writing will be consistent. I like apples. A: member is lowercase, as are congressmen and congresswoman. Erin Wright, 20122023. News media (datelines; headlines; newswriting ). Capitalize major words, e.g. AP and Chicago Manual of Style - capitalize initial word and use periods after sentence list items. 28 0 obj <> endobj When do Icapitalize the first letter in abulleteditem? A: AP headlines cap only first word and proper names or proper abbreviations. Capitalization (proper nouns: America; proper names: Democratic Party; popular names: Indy 500; compositions: books, movies, operas ). Q: Is the proper phrase "If money were no object" or "If money was no object"? Some style manuals, such as the AP Stylebook and APA Publication Manual, recommend capitalizing an independent clause after a colon. In this tutorial, well explore guidelines for how to write vertical lists. The listing below reflects a few departures from Associated Press (AP) style typically used in Johns Hopkins' web and print text, as well as other style points that, while they are not departures from AP style, require special attention. Most often, the text that introduces such lists ends with a colon, as in "The value of . A: AP style is email (changed from e-mail), but other e- words are hyphenated: e-commerce and e-book. Thank you, Sarah! Lowercase to in the infinitive (though not defined in the stylebook). $;$ExRp" e8CQiQYgKdIw lP"1C[;d,|xk0:[#.kvZ|{wY14\.wCzb`*,a`FK{GQfl!hie "h9e tI*2$"/'O6\a>Zb=01fD?`ZTX7w$\a +!F7X o7N| *&Rp oTF G6eKeJ22N Mb[$er6_oZkh:.jFeX^Lu}]/E.tesv!8;>pi0B@09]l}llx| V:2`zXoyQ% 'w Now check your email to confirm your subscription for My Blog Editor blog alerts. If you want to, you can press Enter on your keyboard or click the Copy button next to the text box to copy the text to your clipboard. It is the same across all of the four styles. This is a tricky one for me because, personally, I agree with you. Below is a description of the ways you can use our case converter. Use lowercase at all . Items that are complete sentences If bulleted items are complete sentences, begin each item with a capital letter and finish it with a period or other appropriate punctuation. The Copyeditors Handbook (Einsohn). Subscribe to the My Blog Editor blog for the latest TIPS on improving the QUALITY of your business content. document.getElementById("comment").setAttribute( "id", "a4470ef17940e51381fb55e5e7bde6b6" );document.getElementById("j6a5d70196").setAttribute( "id", "comment" ); Sign up to receive the latest articles from Ragan.com directly in your inbox. Use proper punctuation for bulleted sections. She excels at designing customized business writing training programs to maximize productivity, advance business objectives, and convey complex information. A: In AP headline style, only the first word and proper nouns are capped. finally, draft your conclusion. However, most people now leave out the extra punctuation. The capitalization rules are as follows: Bluebook style capitalization is mainly used by lawyers. Vertical lists can be ordered or unordered and can be introduced by complete or incomplete sentences, all of which affect how the individual list items are capitalized and punctuated. You can also use a colon after a partial sentence. Here is an example of bullet lists that need a period to complete the introductory stem sentence: Here is an example of bullets lists that do not need a period because they are fragments not connected to the introductory stem sentence: These are reasons I love traveling to Ireland: Here is an example of bullet lists that do not need a period because theyre one word or a short phrase that feels like an inventory or shopping list: This issue is straightforward. Ordered vertical lists have, you guessed it, an order. Published: November 13, 2012 Updated: August 22, 2020. Also, please note that ads, brochures and legal contracts may require some deviation from these guidelines. Example: Hampton, Va. See the stylebook for specific abbreviations. x]0)} N "d/J]g<3gcyY?9Y\}xLgH*vVQ8e[!}mg%O*~OqoEhe9k=~o^p{?~7?ZOu6ImR)Gow=\JrP Don't use a bulleted list for only one item. They look good. If your bulleted list is part of the sentence and is not preceded by a colon, treat the bullets like a part of the sentence, adhering to standard capitalization and punctuation. That's . always refer to the style guide and doublecheck capitalization recommendations. 5 simple story types to fill out your editorial calendar, A quick refresher on using minor punctuation marks in AP style, 8 tips on writing and editing from Jerry Seinfeld. Your email address will not be published. Welcome to Ask the Editor, a forum on writing, style and phrasing issues that go beyond the pages of the AP Stylebook. Vertical lists are set apart from the surrounding text and are usually prefaced with bullets or sequential numbers or letters. Lists, Part 4: Numbered Lists. We could also write this list with commas instead of semicolons. Use a lettered list if you want to emphasize separate parallel items within a sentence. Should the opening stem sentence end with a colon to introduce the bullet lists or use no colon? Don't use the Oxford comma in a simple series before the conjunction. The most accepted style guide in business writing and web publishing is the AP Stylebook. Q. 8 Tips to Make Your Writing Sound More Formal, Capitalization in APA, Chicago, MLA, and AP. I was a fan until I realized it wasn't AP Style, all hail AP Style Honorable mention a.m. and p.m. - That's how they're used. 11.5.13 Updates made to University statistics, the list of research centers and section on Web addresses. Yes. A: AP lowercases civil rights movement. Bulleted lists are appropriate when presenting a list of items in no particular order. The Best 2023 AP Style Cheat Sheet Every Writer Needs (Free Download) Ben Sailer Content. Do not capitalize articles, prepositions (regardless of length), and coordinating conjunctions. Were often asked whether you need a period at the end of each entry in a list. Thanks! The AP Stylebook is a writing and editing reference for newsrooms, classrooms and corporate offices worldwide. I like bananas. Capitalize My Title requires JavaScript to be enabled in order to run. First, it is important to note that there are four main title capitalization styles: Chicago style, APA style, MLA style, and AP style. 6. See APA 7, Section 6.52 for examples and more information. When do Iuse periods and when do Ileave bulleted items without end punctuation? If a sentence contains more than three items or ideas, we recommend breaking them up into a bulleted list. This is another case where there are no hard rules! A: Always use figures for people, animals and objects: 3-year-old house. 9. The rule of thumb in AP style is that things should be lowercased unless a rule indicates that they're upper. For more AP style tips, watch Grammar Girls Beginning and Intermediate Guide to AP Style any time. Example: In this project, the equipment shall consistof: RULE: Use periods after short phrases that are essential to the grammatical completeness of the statement introducing the list. For company names, use their preference: eBay. By virtue of their formatting, numbered lists stand . They are also written without terminal punctuation (i.e., they dont end in a period, comma, colon, or semicolon).9. 205-921-5556. Following are some questions and answers to use as guidelines: When is it better to use bullets than numbers? 8. A: AP Stylebook entry on "collective nouns" says band names take plural verbs. For MBA, AP Style don [t use periods. %PDF-1.4 % A: Commas in a series are for clarity and prevention of ambiguities. The same applies when someone may refer to specific items by number. Q: Which states are never abbreviated in datelines? Whether a numbered list is being used when a bullet list would be more appropriate, or vice versa, Bullet point structure Don't mix and match sentence structures. The rule of thumb in AP style is that things should be lowercased unless a rule indicates that theyre upper. Its hard for some people to wrap their heads around this rule, especially if each item on the list is not a full sentence. If checked, quotes will be output as straight quotes. AP style provides consistent guidelines for such publications in terms of grammar, spelling, punctuation and language usage. Bonus: We have some great shortcuts to make your life easier. This will convert your text to uppercase. Capitalize the first and the last word of titles and subtitles. For a list of short items, there is no need to punctuate each point. If you have a list of full sentences or a list with a mix of full sentences and fragments we suggest capitalizing the first letter in each item. All style guides agree to capitalize the first letter of the bullet list unless you opt for the "vertical lists punctuated as a sentence" format using semicolons, illustrated above. But if youre following AP style, chances are youre overusing those big letters. Awesome sauce! Bulleted lists can be used with complete sentences, phrases, or a combination. AP style is actually not capitalized, though AP Stylebook is. Right you are. Two new and potentially controversial suggestions when writing bulleted lists are to use dashes instead of bullets and to always use periods (rather than semicolons) at the end of each section, even if it is a phrase and not a sentence. A: A few examples: Radar, Laser, NATO, OPEC. Capitalization looks fancy and makes things seem important. 22 December, 2021. - Use periods, not semicolons, at the end of each section. The key thing is applying a clear and consistent punctuation style to all lists. Q: If we're speaking about regions of the state, should it be South Louisiana, North Louisiana and Central Louisiana? The following rules apply to APA headline capitalization and title capitalization: Making sure you have the right capitalization for MLA headings is crucial for scholarly articles. Include the dateline - BRYAN-COLLEGE STATION, Jan. 1, 2022; . A: AP lowercases wine varietals such as cabernet sauvignon and chardonnay, and caps regional names such as Bordeaux, Sauternes and Chablis. Vacuum windowsills and corners with a vacuum hose. 1:28 PM - 14 Jul 2021 37 Retweets 189 Likes Thanks for the catch! Q: Do you capitalize a conjunction in a headline? The tricky thing is punctuation. The Chicago Manual of Style. We have three punctuation issues to consider: Should the ending punctuation at the end of each bullet list be a period, a semicolon, or no punctuation? DO NOT capitalize plural words even when part of a proper name (e.g. AP flags such cases atop the story with an editor's note. Get an email every time a new blog post is published. A Local Phone: (623) 399-6676 | Entries (RSS). Example: There are anumber of tags used in HTML, including: RULE: Its not necessary to use periods after short phrases or single words in alist, if the introductory statement is grammatically complete (see below) or if the listed items are like those on an inventory sheet or ashopping list. Home Style and Grammar Guidelines Lists Lists Just as heading structure alerts readers to the order of ideas in a paper, lists help readers understand a related set of key points within a sentence or paragraph. Unauthorized use and/or duplication of this material without express and written permission from this websites owner is strictly prohibited. Q: Is there a standard AP style for bulleted areas of text? Certainly, your business writings substance and information are far more critical than exacting punctuation that technically is neither correct nor incorrect since style guides vary. Q: How does AP treat programming language when used in general text? Capitalize the first word in a bullet point and the introduction to the list, but not the rest. Please list your allergies and give date of last flare-up. The Associated Press Stylebook (AP style) recommends prefacing unordered lists with dashes instead of bullets, although bullets are an acceptable choice for some publications.AP style also recommends punctuating complete and incomplete introductory sentences with a colon and capitalizing the first word in each list item as well as punctuating