COVID-19 presents a serious threat to both physical and mental health, but policymakers in Indonesia have so far mostly . CAB/LEG/24.9/49 (1990), entered into force November 29, 1999, art 14. Help us continue to fight human rights abuses. About 80 percent of people with disabilities, including people with psychosocial disabilities, live in middle or low-income countries where it is often challenging to access healthcare,. While most Americans have heard of telehealth as an option for treating mental health issues, only 7% have reported using it. [24], Globally, there is a severe shortage of trained mental health professionals, but the shortfall is particularly acute in low-income countries. [123] Human Rights Watch interview with Halima Gani, woman with a psychosocial disability, Kano, Nigeria, September 23, 2019. [43] Human Rights Watch, Like A Death Sentence, https://www.hrw.org/sites/default/files/reports/ghana1012webwcover.pdf; Treated Worse Than Animals, https://www.hrw.org/sites/default/files/report_pdf/india1214.pdf; Living in Hell: Abuses against People with Psychosocial Disabilities in Indonesia, March 2016, https://www.hrw.org/sites/default/files/report_pdf/indonesia0316web.pdf. 90% of our funding comes from individual donors. As a result, they urinate, defecate, eat, and sleep in a radius of no more than one to two meters. The treaty further obligates governments to provide support as may be required to exercise their legal capacity. [70] Nigeria: People With Mental Health Conditions Chained, Abused, Human Rights Watch news release, November 11, 2019, https://www.hrw.org/news/2019/11/11/nigeria-people-mental-health-conditions-chained-abused. As of 2018, more than two-thirds of all countries did not cover reimbursement for mental health services in national health insurance schemes. [5]. Bilingual patients are evaluated differently when evaluated in English versus Spanish, and Latinx/Hispanic people are more frequently undertreated than whites. New Jersey and Massachusetts have the lowest proportions, at 0.4% and 4.0%, respectively. Dont put a lock on it. These beliefs often lead people with psychosocial disabilities and their families to first consult faith or traditional healers and only seek medical advice or psychosocial support, such as counseling, as a last resort. [61] Human Rights Watch, Like a Death Sentence, https://www.hrw.org/report/2012/10/02/death-sentence/abuses-against-persons-mental-disabilities-ghana; Chained Like Prisoners," https://www.hrw.org/report/2015/10/25/chained-prisoners/abuses-against-people-psychosocial-disabilities-somaliland; Living in Hell, https://www.hrw.org/report/2016/03/20/living-hell/abuses-against-people-psychosocial-disabilities-indonesia; "Nigeria: People With Mental Health Conditions Chained, Abused," Human Rights Watch news release, https://www.hrw.org/news/2019/11/11/nigeria-people-mental-health-conditions-chained-abused. Data was aggregated and averaged to each state, resulting in a score between 0 and 100, where 100 indicates the greatest access. At night I sleep inside the house. [144] The CRPD has been ratified by 181 countries around the world. In South Sudan, Human Rights Watch in 2012 and Amnesty International in 2016 documented people with real or perceived psychosocial disabilities being chained and detained in prison, not because they had committed a crime but simply because they had a disability. However, Human Rights Watch estimates that globally hundreds of thousands of people with mental health conditions have been shackledchained or locked in confined spacesat least once in their lives. Many had old and leaking roofing. Many think disability is a curse resulting from evil spirits. Of the 61 countries considered in this report, 56 are party to ICCPR, 57 are party to ICESCR, 59 are party to CEDAW, 55 are party to CAT, 61 are party to CRC, and 59 are party to CRPD. [83] Mohamed Rushdie, Torture, Rape and Death Are Crimes That Pursue 8 Million Psychiatric Patients in Egypt, January 29, 2018, https://www.tahrirnews.com/Story/866399/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B9%D8%B0%D9%8A%D8%A8-%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%BA%D8%AA%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%A8-%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%88%D8%AA-%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%85-%D8%AA%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AD%D9%82-8-%D9%85%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%8A%D9%86-%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B6-%D9%86%D9%81%D8%B3%D9%8A-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B1/%D8%AC%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%85%D8%A9 (accessed August 3, 2020). The ACHPR has been ratified by Benin, Burkina Faso, Cte dIvoire, Democratic Republic of Congo, Egypt, Ethiopia, Ghana, Kenya, Liberia, Mozambique, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa, South Sudan, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, and Zimbabwe; Protocol to the African Charter on Human and People's Rights on the Rights of Women in Africa (Maputo Protocol), adopted July 11, 2003, CAB/LEG/66.6, reprinted in 1 Afr. On a larger scale, the nonprofit International Justice Mission (IJM) works to end impunity for slavery and other human rights violations through legal and justice reform. A/6316 (1966), 999 U.N.T.S. Many spiritual healing centers that Human Rights Watch visited were located in open fields or forests; some operated out of structures that were half-built and offered only a rooftop for shelter. 1, 16; They Stay until They Die: A Lifetime of Isolation and Neglect in Institutions for People with Disabilities in Brazil, May 2018, https://www.hrw.org/report/2018/05/23/they-stay-until-they-die/lifetime-isolation-and-neglect-institutions-people;I Would Like To Go To School: Barriers to Education for Children with Disabilities in Lebanon, March 2018, https://www.hrw.org/sites/default/files/report_pdf/lebanon0318_web.pdf, pp. [78] Despite being shackled for most of her life, her case was never counted or included in government data because its a practice that remains invisible and hidden, even from neighbors, the local community, and the authorities. Hannah Ritchie and Max Roser, Mental Health, Our World In Data, April 2018, https://ourworldindata.org/mental-health (accessed July 20, 2020); The World Bank, Mental Health, April 2, 2020, https://www.worldbank.org/en/topic/mental-health (accessed June 23, 2020); WHO, Mental disorders, https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/mental-disorders, [12] WHO, Mental Health, https://www.who.int/news-room/facts-in-pictures/detail/mental-health. According to WHO, over 10 million children under the age of five who. At the core of this initiative is respect for the rights of people with psychosocial or intellectual disabilities, including the right to live independently in the community. Raising awareness on mental health and specifically combating negative stereotypes and beliefs that a mental health condition is the result of being possessed by spirits; A coordinated and inter-ministerial approach that includes the ministries of justice, health, social affairs, housing, education, and employment; Independent and regular monitoring to ensure the ban on shackling is implemented; A targeted program that not only releases people from shackling but also regularly follows up to ensure that once released, people do not go back to being shackled; Access to affordable and quality community-based support and mental health services that help prevent shackling and support someone who is freed from chains in reintegrating the community. Aisha, mother who chains her 18-year-old daughter with a psychosocial disability in the Gaza Strip told Human Rights Watch: Archbishop Danokech of the Holy Ghost Coptic Church of Africa in Kisumu, western Kenya, where over 60 men, women, and children with psychosocial disabilities are detained and most of whom are chained, told Human Rights Watch: We do not want them to wear clothes. In addition, as the state's . [36] The SDGs comprise 17 global goals that create a blueprint to achieve a better and more sustainable future for all. The United Nations General Assembly created the SDGs in 2015 and countries committed to achieving the goals set forth in the SDGs by 2030. In Kenya, which launched in November 2019, almost 3,260 people have enrolled and around 732 have completed the training. In order to accomplish these goals, El Salvador increased its public health expenditure by 33.7% from 2009 to 2019. There is also a large disparity in access to mental health care based on level of income and location. Students in UVGs masters program in psychological counseling and mental health, which Cbar Cataln directs, also conduct preventive workshops in agrarian communities in western Guatemala. (Clockwise from top left): 2014 Fadel Senna/AFP via Getty Images; 2011 Andrea Star Reese; 2011 Andrea Star Reese; 2019 Andrea Star Reese; 2018 Andrea Star Reese; 2019 Robin Hammond/Human Rights Watch; 2019 Andrea Star Reese; 2018 HRW. In situation of conflict or crises, and more recently during the Covid-19 pandemic, people who are shackled are at greater risk because they are unable to leave or flee. People with psychosocial disabilities, including children, who are shackled in homes or institutions are routinely forced to take medication or subjected to alternative treatments such as concoctions of magical herbs, fasting, vigorous massages by traditional healers, Quranic recitation in the persons ear, singing Gospel hymns, and special baths. [57] Human Rights Watch interview with mother of a man with a mental health condition, Bali, Indonesia, November 19, 2020 (full name and details withheld). However, even in countries that have formally banned shackling, the practice continues to exist due to prevalent stigma and inadequate support services. Enable people with psychosocial disabilities to freely enter and leave at will, to refuse treatment, and to seek other services, and ensure that everyone in the camps is always fully aware of this. [142] WHO, "Transforming services and promoting human rights in mental health and related areas," undated, https://www.who.int/activities/transforming-services-and-promoting-human-rights-in-mental-health-and-related-areas (accessed September 25, 2020). Despite being commonly practiced around the world, shackling remains a largely invisible problem as it occurs behind closed doors, often shrouded in secrecy, and concealed even from neighbors due to shame and stigma. [11] Estimates that include people with conditions related to substance could be as high as 970 million or 13 percent of the global population. Budget allocations for mental health care are barely 1% of the total health care budgets; and the psychiatric hospitals located in the national capitals consume at least 90% of those funds. While the use of restraints can be seen as a spectrum, this report specifically examines the practice of shackling, the most egregious, archaic, and rudimentary form of physical restraints practiced predominantly in non-medical settings. [107] Amnesty International, Excluded: Living with Disabilities in Yemens Armed Conflict, December 3, 2019, https://www.amnesty.org/download/Documents/MDE3113832019ENGLISH.PDF (accessed August 3, 2020), p.17. None of my relatives want anything to do with me. Bo . Many are forced to eat, sleep, urinate, and defecate in the same tiny area. Jos Enrique Hernndez, a nurse from one of the specialist 'family care' teams set up by the Ministry of Health in El Salvador's capital city, San Salvador, has never carried out so many cervical smears, to test for cervical cancer, in a single morning session. Not just for the migrants leaving, but for those who are staying, those who are coming back and those who are caught between two cultures.. [9] WHO, Gender and Women's Mental Health, https://www.who.int/mental_health/prevention/genderwomen/en/. The data collected indicates, however, that only about 25 percent of people with psychosocial disabilities surveyed have access to mental health services. A/44/49 (1989), entered into force September 2, 1990, art. Associations between racism and mental health are stronger than those between racism and general medical health ( 2 ). Share this via Email Yet, mental health draws only limited government attention. Comprehensively investigate state and private institutions in which people with mental health conditions live, with the goal of stopping chaining and ending other abuses. [18] Between 76 and 85 percent of people with mental health conditions who live in middle or low-income countries do not have access to mental health services. Mental Asylum, The Hindu, January 3, 2019, https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/sc-shocked-at-chaining-of-inmates-in-up-mental-asylum/article25901395.ece (accessed August 17, 2020). A/6316 (1966), 993 U.N.T.S. They feel youre possessed and put liquid down your nose to drive out the devil. [156] Furthermore, the CRPD requires governments to take all effective legislative, administrative, judicial or other measures to prevent persons with disabilities, on an equal basis with others, from being subjected to torture or cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment.[157], The UN special rapporteur on torture has said that the prohibition against torture and ill-treatment relates not only to public officials, such as law enforcement agents in the strictest sense, but may apply to doctors, health professionals and social workers, including those working in private hospitals, other institutions and detention centers.[158], The CRPD also recognizes the right of every person with disabilities to respect for their physical and mental integrity on an equal basis with others.